Our solar System| The 8 plantes in our solar system| TIF knowlege

 

Our solar system

 

The sun and the celestial bodies which revolve around it form the solar system. It consists of large number of bodies such as planets, comets, asteroids, meteors.

The earth as you know, also revolves around the sun. It is a member of the solar system. It is a planet. There are 7 other planets that revolve around the sun. The eight planets in their order of distance from the sun are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

Till 2006 there were nine planets in the solar system. Pluto was the farthest planet from the sun.

In 2006, the international Astronomical unit ( IAU ) adopted a new definition of planet. Pluto does not fit this definition. It is no longer a planet of solar system. Ok let us known remaining  planets  by one by one in below.

 

The sun:

Sun is the nearest star that we can see. Sun is a luminous Body. It is very close to us, It appear bigger, brighter, bigger and hotter as compared to other stars.

Sun is at the distance of 150 Million kilometers from the earth. The light of the sun reaches on earth in 8 minutes and 20 seconds.

The diameter of the sun is 44,00,000 km. The diameter is 109 times the diameter of the earth. The sun is approximately 3,00,000 times heavier than earth.

The sun is huge ball of flamming gases. About 70% of mass of the sun is made of hydrogen gas, 28% of helium gases and 2 % of heavier elements such as carbon, nitrogen, oxygen etc.

Layers of the sun:

Four layers of the mass of sun can be distinguished. The exterior three layers make up sun’s atmosphere, and one layer makes up its interior.

·        Corona : The  outer most layer of sun’s atmosphere is called corona

·        Chromosphere: Under  the corona, the middle layer of the sun atmosphere is called Chromosphere.

·        Photosphere: The inner most layer of the sun’s atmosphere is called photosphere.

·        Core: The Core constitutes the main mass of the sun.

 

Planets in the solar system

The planets look like stars, but they do not have light of their own. They merely reflect the sunlight that falls on them.

The simplest method of identifying planets from stars twinkle, whereas planets do not. Also the planets keep changing their position with respect to the stars.

A planet has a definite path in which it revolve around the sun. This path is called an orbit. The time taken by a planet to complete one revolution is called period of revolution.

Mercury ( Budh) :

The planet mercury is nearest to the sun. It is smallest planet of our solar system. Because Mercury is very close to the sun, it is very difficult to observe it as most of the time it is hidden in the glare of the sun. However,it can be observed just before sunrise and sunset, near the horizon. Mercury has no satellite of its own

Venus (shukra) :

Venus is Earth’s nearest planetary neighbour. It is the brightest planet in the sky. Sometimes Venus appear in the Eastern sky before Sunrise. Sometime it appears In the western sky just after Sunset. Therefore it is often called a morning and evening star

Earth ( prithvi)

The earth is the only planet in the solar system in which life is known to exists. Some special environmental condition are responsible for the existence and continuation of life on the earth. These included just the right distance from the sun.  So, that it has the right temperature range, the presence  of water and suitable atmosphere and blanket of Ozone from space the earth appears blue green colour due to reflection  of light from water and land mass on its surface

The axis of rotation of the earth is not perpendicular to the plain of its orbit. The tillt responsible for changing seasons.

Mars ( Mangal ) :

The next planet, the first out side the orbit of the earth in Mars. It appears reddish and, therefore, it is also called red planet. Mars has two natural satellites. Mars is half size to earth. Now a days scientist’s more focus on mars to check whether mars is eligible to live an man

Jupiter ( Brihaspati ):

Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. It is so larger that about 1300 earths can be placed inside this giant planet. However, the mars of Jupiter is about 318 times that of our earth. Jupiter has a large number of satellites. It is also has faint rings around it. You can easily recognize Jupiter as it appear quiet bright in the sky.

Saturn ( shani  ):

Beyond Jupiter is Saturn which appears yellowish colour. What make it unique in the solar system is its beautiful rings. These rings are not visible with the naked eye. You can observe them with small telescope.

One interesting fact about Saturn is that it is the least dense among all the planets.

Uranus and Neptune :

These are the outermost planets of the solar system. They can be seen only with the help of large telescope. Like Venus, Uranus also rotates from East to west. The most remarkable features of Uranus is that it has highly tilted rotational axis. As a result in orbital motion it appears to roll its side

The first four plants is called inner planets. And last four are outer planets